
The One Pager, which was commissioned by the KfW Development Bank, sheds light on why high population growth can go hand in hand with fragility.
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Until recently, Africa’s economies had been growing consistently. Between 2000 and 2018, African gross domestic product increased by more than four percent per year on average, only surpassed by countries in South and East Asia. However, high economic growth over the last two decades has not been sufficient to keep up with population growth on the continent. Moreover, economic growth has barely translated into the socio-economic progress needed to offer young generations better opportunities and thereby reduce long-term population growth. This discussion paper highlights the main reasons for this and highlights economic opportunities that are likely to arise for Africa if fertility rates decline and a change of the population age structure sets in.
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